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Posts Tagged ‘AMA’

AMA Lied – How Many Died? – American Thinker

Posted by M. C. on December 21, 2020

Quietly at the end of October, the AMA issued a new statement, conveniently overlooked by the media, giving the green light to doctors prescribing HCQ to their COVID patients.

Prestigious medical journals, Lancet and New England Journal, retracted published studies raising alarms about HCQ due to bogus study data. It seemed there was a jihad against HCQ from the medical establishment, supported by the media, simply because the Orange Man suggested it.

Maybe next, Fauci will go to back to saying masks are ineffective.

https://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2020/12/ama_lied__how_many_died.html

By Brian C. Joondeph, M.D.

The American Medical Association has been adamantly against hydroxychloroquine as a therapeutic for COVID for the past year. Just a few days before the presidential election they reversed course, reversing their opposition. Did they suddenly realize HCQ might have benefit in certain patient groups or were they lying for the past year? How many individuals died as a result of being denied potential lifesaving treatment?

The AMA is synonymous with organized medicine, despite myriad specialty societies that may better represent the needs of its member physicians. In fact, only 12 percent of practicing physicians belong to the AMA due to concerns that the AMA is more interested in its own finances and politics than the concerns of doctors.

When the AMA talks, media and the public listen, due to their perceived clout. Last spring, the AMA issued a statement critical of hydroxychloroquine as it was being used off-label in the treatment of COVID, not FDA-approved for this purpose with supposed “dangerous side effects.”

Quietly at the end of October, the AMA issued a new statement, conveniently overlooked by the media, giving the green light to doctors prescribing HCQ to their COVID patients.

RESOLVED, that our American Medical Association rescind its statement calling for physicians to stop prescribing hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine until sufficient evidence becomes available to conclusively illustrate that the harm associated with use outweighs benefit early in the disease course.

An updated statement clarifying our support for a physician’s ability to prescribe an FDA-approved medication for off label use, if it is in her/his best clinical judgement, with specific reference to the use of hydroxychloroquine and combination therapies for the treatment of the earliest stage of COVID-19.

What changed since last spring? How many COVID deaths could have been prevented if doctors, using their professional and clinical judgement, could have prescribed HCQ without fear of ostracization or loss of their jobs?

HCQ has been around since the 1950s, approved as a malarial preventative and for treatment of lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. It is relatively safe, except for the one in a thousand with a rare cardiac arrhythmia, easily identified by a pretreatment EKG. In many African countries, HCQ is available without a prescription for malaria prevention.

The problem arose when President Trump touted HCQ as a “potential therapeutic,” based on early reports of doctors prescribing it with good results. He did not tell anyone to take it but held it out as hope to a country suffering under a pandemic with lockdowns, quarantines, hospitalizations, and deaths.

Trump also took HCQ himself, prescribed by the White House medical team. If Trump claimed drinking water was healthy, the media and medical establishment would have denounced it, citing cases of people dying from drinking too much water.

A perfect example was Fox News crank Neil Cavuto screaming how hydroxy “will kill you.” This was based on a flawed VA study finding no benefit for HCQ in a severely ill cohort of patients, and a higher death rate among those receiving HCQ. This was a retrospective study which did not address the possibility that HCQ was given to sicker patients, who were more likely to die anyway.

Image credit: YouTube screen grab

Prestigious medical journals, Lancet and New England Journal, retracted published studies raising alarms about HCQ due to bogus study data. It seemed there was a jihad against HCQ from the medical establishment, supported by the media, simply because the Orange Man suggested it.

Was the concern solely over off-label use of drugs? In my world, Avastin has been successfully used off-label for 15 years for the treatment of macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, despite FDA approval only for cancer and a black box warning about gastrointestinal perforation, wound healing, and hemorrhage.

In relative terms, HCQ is a far safer drug compared to Avastin. Ketamine is another old drug similar to HCQ, FDA-approved in 1970 as a general anesthetic. Yet it is increasingly being used off-label to treat severe depression, anxiety, and PTSD. As a general anesthetic, it certainly can kill you if used improperly, but used under the considered judgment of a physician, it can literally save lives. Neil Cavuto hasn’t yet offered his expert medical opinion on ketamine.

There have been 187 hydroxy studies, 122 of which were peer-reviewed. 100 percent of these studies reported positive effects for early treatment of COVID, meaning, for those not yet in the hospital, and certainly not on a ventilator. These studies were performed and reported this year, while the AMA stayed mum, standing by their admonition against HCQ, until their “oh by the way” report at the end of October.  

The AMA’s about-face is curious in terms of timing. They could have tempered their initial remarks last summer, when the “America’s Frontline Doctors” group was promoting HCQ, azithromycin, and zinc as an effective early treatment for COVID. All three components of their cocktail were off label. In fact, at the time there was no approved therapeutic for COVID and many people could have been treated earlier, potentially keeping them out of the hospital or worse.

Perfect is the enemy of good. Prospective randomized clinical trials would have been great, but they take time. Why not let physicians use their “best clinical judgment” as the recent AMA statement recommends?

Instead, the AMA waited until Oct. 30 to announce a more reasoned position, not coincidently just a few days before the presidential election. Democrats and the media blamed Trump for every COVID illness and death, accusing Trump of “misleading” on HCQ, as a prominent campaign issue.

The timing suggests political scheming by the AMA, withholding important information or opinions in an attempt to influence an election. Will the AMA explain this curious timing? Social and corporate media did something similar with Hunter Biden’s laptop, knowingly suppressing information before the election, which may have swayed voters, glibly reporting on it after the election.

We will never know how many individuals could have been kept out of the hospital, ICU, or morgue if HCQ was used early in the disease course. Most medical miracles are due to outside the box thinking, using an approved drug in a new way. That’s the scientific approach, weighing risks and benefits, marching forward with modifications based on early results.

Instead, the AMA threw cold water on HCQ, joined by a medical establishment and media eager to ruin physicians’ careers if they challenged the dogma and dared promote HCQ.

The AMA played footloose with science and the truth. Some may call that lying and all for political purposes. Meanwhile people died. All to influence an election and depose the tweeting Orange Man in the White House.

CLARIFICATION: It was the Georgia delegation to the AMA that introduced a resolution in late October to the full AMA delegation reversing the AMA’s earlier stance against HCQ. There was no further communication from the AMA as to whether or not the resolution was adopted until their November meeting when the AMA declined to consider the HCQ resolution. The non-consideration of the recent resolution left the original earlier resolution against HCQ in place, although in a convoluted manner, much like a court declining to hear a case rather than ruling on the merits of the case. The process was confusing to many media outlets as well as this writer, but the premise of my article still holds, that politicizing a medical issue may have cost countless lives.

Brian C. Joondeph, M.D., is a Denver-based physician and freelance writer for American Thinker, Rasmussen Reports, and other publications. Follow him on Facebook,  LinkedIn, Twitter, Parler, and QuodVerum.

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The Flexner Report and Our Modern Medical Cartel | Mises Wire

Posted by M. C. on June 11, 2020

The high-minded Flexner Report “more successfully legitimated the profession’s interest in limiting the number of medical schools and the supply of physicians than anything the AMA might have put out on its own.”

The result: after peaking at 162 medical schools in 1906, by 1922 the number had been cut in half. The Flexner Report (a.k.a. ​Bulletin Number Four) recommended that the number of schools be reduced to thirty-one.

https://mises.org/wire/flexner-report-and-our-modern-medical-cartel?utm_source=Mises+Institute+Subscriptions&utm_campaign=b6e9daa2d7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_9_21_2018_9_59_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_8b52b2e1c0-b6e9daa2d7-228343965

Although we’ve been given a brief respite from COVID-19 pandemic news, it’s likely that the killer of over one hundred thousand so far in America will leap back to the front page and that continuous calls to flatten the curve will return to top of the mind.

As a friend and fellow ex–University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) Rothbard student reminded me, flattening the curve essentially means to socialize medicine: to ration healthcare, giving preference to COVID sufferers at the expense of non-COVID emergency medical care and elective procedures.

If the US healthcare system is the cowboy capitalism that many believe it is, why aren’t there doctors, nurses, and PPE (personal protective equipment) in abundance? Why the need to portion out medical care and talent?

The American Medical Association (AMA) was founded in 1847, incorporated in 1897, and as Paul Starr wrote in “The Social Transformation of American Healthcare: The Rise of a Sovereign Profession and the Making of a Vast Industry,” “The key source of physicians’ economic distress in 1900 remained the continuing oversupply of doctors, now made much worse by the increased productivity of physicians as a result…[of the] squeezing of lost time from the professional working day.”

Starr points out that the number of medical schools expanded at the end of the nineteenth century. From the founding of the AMA to 1900, the number of medical schools more than tripled from 52 to 160. The population expanded 138 percent between 1870 and 1910, while the number of physicians increased 153 percent.

“The weakness of the profession was feeding on itself; ultimately help had to come from outside,” Starr wrote. Help came in the form of the Flexner Report, penned by Abraham Flexner, whose claim to fame was being the brother of the powerful Dr. Simon Flexner, a key player in the chase for a vaccine to battle the 1918–19 Spanish flu,which killed 35 to 100 million people worldwide.

Brother Abraham was not a doctor himself. And while the report was commissioned by the Carnegie Foundation, “​Flexner’s report was virtually written in advance by high officials of the American Medical Association, and its advice was quickly taken by every state in the Union,” Murray Rothbard explained in Making Economic Sense.

Using the Flexner Report as a guide, the AMA was able to use the state to cartelize the medical industry. Rothbard wrote,

The result: every medical school and hospital was subjected to licensing by the state, which would turn the power to appoint licensing boards over to the state AMA. The state was supposed to, and did, put out of business all medical schools that were proprietary and profit-making, that admitted blacks and women, and that did not specialize in orthodox, “allopathic” medicine: particularly homeopaths, who were then a substantial part of the medical profession, and a respectable alternative to orthodox allopathy. (Making Economic Sense, p. 76)

The report recommended closing schools, competing therapies, and minority doctors that were considered substandard. “Medicine would never be a respected profession…until it sloughed off its coarse and common elements,” wrote Starr. Medical schools had been closing before 1910, with 20 percent shuttered in the four years before the report was published. Capital requirements for moden laboratories, libraries, and clinical facilities “were what killed so many medical schools in the years after 1906,” Starr wrote.

Rothbard explained further,

In all cases of cartels, the producers are able to replace consumers in their seats of power, and accordingly the medical establishment was now able to put competing therapies (e.g., homeopathy) out of business; to remove disliked competing groups from the supply of physicians (blacks, women, Jews); and to replace proprietary medical schools financed by student fees with university-based schools run by the faculty, and subsidized by foundations and wealthy donors. (Making Economic Sense, p. 77)

A reader can pick up plenty of books on the Progressive Era and find barely a mention of the AMA, yet the medical mess we have today took root during that era. Some of us still remember house calls, five-dollar office visits, worn black medical bags toted by doctors with stethoscopes dangling from their necks. Before the Flexner Report, mechanics made more than doctors and the brightest students avoided the profession to enter the clergy.

The burgeoning cartel meant “a skewing of the entire medical profession away from patient care toward high-tech, high-capital investment in rare and glamorous diseases,” wrote Rothbard, “which rebound far more to the prestige of the hospital and its medical staff than is actually useful for the patient-consumers” (ibid., p. 77).

Abraham Flexner, according to Starr, “had an aristocratic disdain for things commercial.” The high-minded Flexner Report “more successfully legitimated the profession’s interest in limiting the number of medical schools and the supply of physicians than anything the AMA might have put out on its own.”

The result: after peaking at 162 medical schools in 1906, by 1922 the number had been cut in half. The Flexner Report (a.k.a. ​Bulletin Number Four) recommended that the number of schools be reduced to thirty-one. Fortunately, more than seventy survived. Left up to Flexner, twenty states would not have had a single medical school. Legislators intervened. The report “was the manifesto of a program that by 1936 guided $91 million from Rockefeller’s General Education Board (plus millions more from other foundations) to a select group of medical schools,” according to Starr. Two-thirds of these funds went to only seven schools.

Medicine made a great leap in the Progressive Era. “The transition from household to the market as the dominant institution in the care for the sick,” in addition to increased specialization of labor, “has created emotional distance between the sick and those responsible for their care,” Starr wrote, “and a shift from women to men as the dominant figures in the management of health and illness.”

The true sign of the elevation of doctors in society was evident in 1926, when H.L. Mencken snidely wrote, “Kiwanis, like golf, is a symbol of the business man’s natural desire to break the dreadful monotony of his days. And when I say businessman, I include also, of course, the doctor, the dentist, the lawyer, and all other bored and laborious walking gents of human comedy.”

Thanks to Flexner, the AMA, and state licensing, today’s healthcare cartel is no laughing matter, but deadly serious.

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Doug Casey: Health Care Laws Should Be Abolished – Casey Research

Posted by M. C. on July 30, 2019

https://www.caseyresearch.com/articles/doug-casey-health-care-laws-should-be-abolished/

By

How to reform the U.S. “health care” system is a continuing topic in the news. I put that phrase in quotes because it’s a misnomer. You don’t insure your health – that can’t be done. You can only insure that the costs of medical care, if your health fails, will be covered. Saying “health care” makes people think that someone else will magically assure their health, which is impossible. Collectivists like to use the phrase as part of their continuing war on what words mean, and how people think.

Health is something you do for yourself with proper diet, exercise, and lifestyle decisions. Medical care is something very different; it’s what you need for acute trauma or disease. People want good health, but all insurance can give them is hospitals, doctors, and medicines – all of which are scary.

In any event, there does seem to be universal agreement on two related matters. One, that Americans are overweight, underexercised, and overmedicated. Two, that the U.S. medical care system is “broken” and something needs to be done. I have a radical proposal, even though there’s not a chance in hell it will ever be adopted or even discussed in public.

Here it is: Not only should there be no form of national medical care, but Medicare, Medicaid, the FDA, and all laws regulating anything to do with medicine and health should be abolished. Why? Because they are the actual cause of the crisis.

These schemes and bureaucracies will, in fact, eventually disappear. But not in a controlled or planned way. They’re going to disappear for the same reason the Soviet Union did – because they’re inefficient, uneconomic, and unsustainable. Although the U.S. medical system is technologically excellent, it’s long been way too overloaded with paperwork and legalism. Obamacare made it much worse, and ensures that the collapse is going to be bigger, sooner, and with more widespread consequences.

That’s the bad news. The good news is that you don’t have to be sucked into the maelstrom with everybody else.

The national “health care” controversy isn’t about a technical issue, like how to provide medical care cheaply. It’s about basic ethics. Do you have a legal or moral obligation to pay for the consequences of some stranger’s bad habits or bad luck? I’m not, therefore, going into statistics or throwing out reams of numbers about costs. That only serves to distract from the essence of what this is all about.

It’s said to be a tragedy and a scandal that millions of Americans don’t have medical insurance. My first reaction to that is: So what? A lot of people feel they don’t need insurance because they’re young, healthy, and risk-oriented. Others don’t want it, because they can afford to self-insure. Insurance is not a necessity; it’s just a financial planning tool. Up until the 20th century, nobody on the planet had health insurance.

The whole issue of medical insurance basically arose during World War II, when the government locked the country down with strict wage and price controls. Employers couldn’t legally induce workers with cash money, so they offered benefits, prominently including medical coverage. This was an especially rich benefit during the high-tax war years, because it was tax-deductible to employers while tax-free to employees.

A perverse consequence of insurance being institutionalized was that it taught the public that someone else should, and will, be responsible for their medical expenses. The presence of insurance induced people to see doctors, and demand services, much more often than would otherwise have been the case, since these things were now “free.” This artificial demand has put a lot of upward pressure on medical costs over the years. There was once a time when a person set aside money for medical care to maintain his body much as he would to maintain his car or his house; it wasn’t considered either a critical or a potentially onerous expense. Prudent people might have a major medical policy, with a large deductible, in case lightning struck. A poorer person might have to rely on any of numerous charities and fraternal organizations; peer pressure and social opprobrium kept the moral risk from hypochondriacs under control. But that was before the government stepped in and took the place of religious, charitable, and fraternal groups.

People whine about companies denying them insurance or denying coverage for preexisting conditions. These complaints are (barring fraud) almost completely without merit. If insurers are prevented from denying coverage for preexisting conditions, then many people won’t seek coverage until they’re sure they have a problem. It subverts the entire basis of insurance, in effect trying to force a company to pay for a house fire after the dwelling has already burned down.

Do insurers owe the public coverage? No. The fact is that nobody owes you, or anybody else, anything. If you don’t qualify for a policy, that’s unfortunate. You also may not qualify for joining an athletic team. Or getting into a school. Or working for a certain employer. Or a thousand other things. I’m sorry. But tough. Your choices are to either do something to improve your circumstances or, if you can’t, find an alternative. One person’s bad luck doesn’t constitute a mortgage on another person’s life.

The Angel of Death

I would make the case that the government, directly and indirectly, is solely – not mainly, but solely – responsible for runaway medical costs and the presumed necessity of having insurance. Let me give you a few examples.

The FDA, widely promoted as a guardian of health, would better be named the Federal Death Authority. It alone is probably responsible for more deaths every year than the Defense Department in the typical decade.

How so?

Although its $5.1 billion annual budget is huge and represents capital that could have been spent developing new technology, it’s trivial compared to the agency’s real costs. The FDA is why it typically takes ten years and hundreds of millions, often billions, of dollars to develop a new drug. It’s a major reason why drugs are as expensive as they are, and why relatively few are ever approved.

Does it ever keep potentially dangerous products off the market? Of course. But the desire of drug companies to survive and grow is – surprisingly, to people who are sponges for anti-capitalist agitprop – actually a much better guarantee. The argument might be made that if the FDA approved nothing, then no one would ever die of dangerous drugs.

Various laws make the sale of body parts illegal. Which means thousands die every year while waiting for a kidney or a liver. Poor people, who might have a much better life by trading a kidney for $25,000, are denied that opportunity. Or that of selling all their usable body parts upon death in exchange for a large fee payable while they are still alive.

“Consumer protection” laws encourage contingency-paid ambulance chasers to sue everybody for everything that can go wrong in a medical situation, adding many billions to medical costs every year. Medical malpractice coverage, for which many specialists pay several hundred thousand dollars a year, is only a small part of this cost. To defend against predatory litigation, doctors are forced to practice “defensive” medicine, which prescribes numerous tests, drugs, and procedures, which are useful only as legal prophylactics.

The AMA (American Medical Association), a lobbying organization and wannabe trade union, artificially restricts the number of doctors that can practice in the U.S., both through state licensing laws and limiting the number of medical schools.

In the face of these and many other government-imposed costs that make medical care hard to afford, most people now feel the necessity for insurance. Unfortunately, the cost of administering insurance is huge – both for the insurer and for the doctor. Half the employees in a typical doctor’s office do nothing but shuffle paper for private insurers, Medicare, and Medicaid.

As late as the 1950s, a doctor would make house calls, and a hospital stay cost about what a hotel stay did. Those days could reappear if the government with its laws, taxes, and regulations disappeared. The opposite is likely to happen, at least over the short to medium term, as the government takes over the remaining parts of the U.S. health care system.

In fact, in a free market, technology would be noticeably driving costs down in medicine, as it has in every other area of life. The forces agitating for “reform” carp about expensive CAT scan machines driving up costs – but they’re just the equivalent of the primitive X-ray machines of a few generations ago. In other words, providing the same quality care you would have gotten 50 years ago costs much less today, in real terms, because of technology. Insofar as some costs are higher in real terms, it’s only because the quality of the procedure is vastly higher. I defy anyone to show me an example where this isn’t true…

Practical Advice

So, what should you do, with current medical insurance rates ranging up to an unbelievable $4,000 a month for a family in some jurisdictions? (I know, you’re thinking that’s a misprint, but that’s the going rate for a top plan in some Manhattan zip codes.) My suggestions are simple; the subject doesn’t require a 1,000-page piece of legislation:

  1. Engage in a serious program of proper diet, exercise, and proper lifestyle. It’s inconvenient sometimes, but if you don’t, you’ll look like all those other people out there. If your body starts falling apart prematurely (they all fall apart eventually), it’s not the fault of society or your insurer. This is the ultimate solution to today’s “medical crisis.”
  2. For personal insurance, get absolutely the largest deductible available. It’s insane trading dollars with an insurer.
  3. Consider doing all your important medical and dental work abroad. Technologies and skills in the Far East and Latin America are at, or sometimes even above, the level of those in the U.S. But costs are a small fraction of those in the U.S.
  4. If you have a company, get a large deductible policy and allow employees to self-insure for the deductible. Your lawyer should be able to draw up a plan where the savings go into everyone’s pocket.

But enough of that. I just dropped my big bag of Oreos, and I need to figure out just the right way to swing the hammock so I can pick it up.

An After-Thought

Perhaps the bottom line of the above is that, as Hobbes observed, life can be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. But who reads Leviathan anymore? Better to refer to some of the best playwriting since Shakespeare, namely Deadwood, the HBO series. It gives, among other things, a realistic view of medical technology not so very long ago. The characters often speak in Shakespearian blank verse to boot, although not in the quote below.

“Pain or damage don’t end the world. Or despair, or f*****g beatings. The world ends when you’re dead. Until then, you got more punishment in store. Stand it like a man… and give some back.”

That’s the view of Al Swearengen, the series’ lead character. He’s a realistic, hard-bitten kind of guy. But his personality can win you over, despite his many flaws. More so because despite being a cold-blooded cutthroat, he likes to explore the philosophical implications of his actions. So, while many people today ask themselves, “What would Jesus do?” when confronted with a moral dilemma, I find it equally enlightening to ask, “What would Al Swearengen do?”

Regards,

Doug Casey
Founder, Casey Research

 

 

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Indy car, motorcycle champion Joe Leonard dies

Posted by M. C. on June 3, 2017

http://www.indystar.com/story/sports/motor/2017/04/29/indy-car-motorcycle-champion-joe-leonard-dies/101082708/

It has been a crazy year so far. Motorcycle and F1 GP champion John Surtees, AMA and MotoGP Champ Nicky Hayden and Joe Leonard multiple AMA Grand National Champ and USAC Indy car winner. 

Surtees, Mike Hailwood and Leonard are the only racers I know of to be championship material in both bikes and cars.

The racers I knew in my youth are going away.

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AMA, CDC, DHS,U, Me and Gun Abolition

Posted by M. C. on June 16, 2016

I see the American Medical Association (AMA) president is once again designating gun-owners as health hazards. He didn’t say that exactly but that is what the administration…AMA meant. They want to put the kibosh a law that prohibits fed funding for gun death research too. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is mentioned as a player. They don’t mince words. Guns are a disease and the Administration…CDC is the cure. The CDC is an obedient Progressive lap dog. Jeh Johnson (DHS) says gun control is now a homeland security issue. The same DHS that fights in no foreign lands but stockpiles hundreds of billions of rounds of ammunition…to use against whom?

Big government and big medicine are blood brothers. Read the rest of this entry »

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Obamacare – How Did We Come to This?

Posted by M. C. on July 16, 2012

There have been many Erie Times editorials extolling the virtues of Obamacare

We need to look at why this regulatory nightmare has come to be.  Control of demand and cartelization of the medical biz began in 1910 with the Flexner Report .

Abraham Flexner, an unemployed former owner of a prep school in Kentucky, and sporting neither a medical degree nor any other advanced degree, was commissioned by the Carnegie Foundation to write a study of American medical education. Flexner’s only qualification for this job was to be the brother of the powerful Dr. Simon Flexner, indeed a physician and head of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Flexner’s report was virtually written in advance by high officials of the American Medical Association, and its advice was quickly taken by every state in the Union.
The result: every medical school and hospital was subjected to licensing by the state, which would turn the power to appoint licensing boards over to the state AMA. The state was supposed to, and did, put out of business all medical schools that were proprietary and profit-making, that admitted blacks and women, and that did not specialize in orthodox, “allopathic” medicine: particularly homeopaths, who were then a substantial part of the medical profession, and a respectable alternative to orthodox allopathy.
Thus through the Flexner Report, the AMA was able to use government to cartelize the medical profession: to push the supply curve drastically to the left (literally half the medical schools in the country were put out of business by post-Flexner state governments), and thereby to raise medical and hospital prices and doctors’ incomes.

– from Murray Rothbard “Making Economic Sense

*Note the mention of the Rockefeller Institute and Carnegie Foundation. Recurring names of those that seek to profit from control our lives. Think the Fed, UN, Trilateral Commission, the Bilderburgs, The Open Society and Council of Foreign Relations. Read the rest of this entry »

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What is worse than the FDA? The Senate creating S 3187 an FDA Bill.

Posted by M. C. on May 28, 2012

The Senate passed 96-1 bill S 3187 authorizing $6.4B in FDA user fees over five years. The bill seeks to prevent shortages and spur new drug development. How, one may ask, does added legislation and user fees spur development? I don’t know either. Read the rest of this entry »

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